Dumpy level and auto level are two different leveling instruments used in surveying. To choose between these two instruments a surveyor must know the differences between them. The…

Auto level is a leveling instrument used in surveying. The ease of use of Auto level has made it popular among surveyors. the major advantages and disadvantages of the auto level are provided bel…

In civil engineering surveying, bearing is very important to get the direction of a survey line. The whole circle bearing (W.C.B) is a common notation system of bearings. The definition of the wh…

In civil engineeringsurveying, bearing is the process to get the direction of a survey line. The quadrantal bearing is a common notation system of bearings. it is also known as the reduced bearin…

Surveying is the process of finding the relative position of various points on the surface of the earth by measuring distance among them and setting up a map to any reasonable scale. Various meth…