Whole Circle Bearing and Quadrantal Bearing (Reduced Bearing) are two different types of bearing measurement used in surveying. To choose between these two types of bearing measure…

Tacheometry is a branch of angular surveying in which the horizontal and vertical distances are obtained by optical means as opposed to the ordinary process of chain and tape. This is done with t…

A transit theodolite fitted with special stadia diaphragm is known as tacheometer. It is the main instrument of tacheometric surveying. Its telescope contains two horizontal hairs called stadia h…

For small distances ( up to 100 meters) a level staff may be used for tacheometric surveying. But for greater distances stadia rod is needed. Stadia rod is of one piece having 3 to 5 meters length. The smallest subdivision is usually 5 mm.…

Anallatic lens is an additional lens used in the instrument. It is a special lens which is placed between the object glass and the eyepiece of the telescope in order to eliminate the additive con…